DIFERENCIAIS DE SALÁRIOS POR GÊNERO NO BRASIL: UMA ANÁLISE REGIONAL¹

Abstract

This article considers the evidence that women are discriminated in the labor market when, in spite of being as qualified as men , their payment is inferior for the same position or receive lower salaries because they only have access to the worst paid occupations. Its purpose is estimating, analyzing and comparing the extension of salary differences as well as the degree of occupational segregation per gender in the Brazilian regions. For this analysis, it uses the Duncan and Duncan´s dissimilarity index as well as the Size Standardized Index. It analyzes the salary differences per genre in these same regions through the Decomposition Empirical Techniques. For this, it uses data from the Residences Sample National Research (PNAD), conducted by IBGE in 1995. It concludes that biggest salary differentials between men and women occur in the South and Southeast regions and that the smallest differentials are registered in the North and Northeast regions. As to the occupational discrimination, it occurs in all regions and contributes in the reduction of salary discrimination. There is, however, space for specific policies to increase female participation in careers that are predominantly male and vice-versa.